January 9, 2004
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July 2, 2019
Considering a quench process in which an electric field pulse is applied to the system, "$f$-sum rule" for the conductivity for general quantum many-particle systems is derived. It is furthermore extended to an infinite series of sum rules, applicable to the nonlinear conductivity at every order.
October 11, 1999
Theoretical and experimental work concerned with dynamic fluctuations has developed into a very active and fascinating subfield of mesoscopic physics. We present a review of this development focusing on shot noise in small electric conductors. Shot noise is a consequence of the quantization of charge. It can be used to obtain information on a system which is not available through conductance measurements. In particular, shot noise experiments can determine the charge and stat...
October 2, 2017
The work presents the extended theoretical model of the electrical conductance in non-magnetic and magnetic nano-size point contacts. The developed approach describes diffusive, quasi-ballistic, ballistic and quantum regimes of the spin-resolved conductance. It is based on the electron transport through metallic junction within approach of the circular constriction. The model provides unified description of the contact resistance from Maxwell diffusive through the ballistic t...
April 25, 2003
We review the conceptual structure of the Landauer theory of electron transport in the light of quantum kinetics, the orthodox framework for describing conductance at all scales. In a straightforward analysis, we assess popular claims for a rational link between Landauer theory on the one hand, and orthodox microscopics on the other. The need to explicitly include inelastic (dissipative) carrier relaxation is key to any well-posed microscopic model of open-system mesoscopic t...
June 15, 2011
Quantum point contacts are fundamental building blocks for mesoscopic transport experiments and play an important role in recent interference- and fractional quantum Hall experiments. However, it is not clear how electron-electron interactions and the random disorder potential influence the confinement potential and give rise to phenomena like the mysterious 0.7 anomaly. Novel growth techniques of GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures for high-mobility two-dimensional electron gases e...
February 15, 2001
A quantum dot is a sub-micron-scale conducting device containing up to several thousand electrons. Transport through a quantum dot at low temperatures is a quantum-coherent process. This review focuses on dots in which the electron's dynamics are chaotic or diffusive, giving rise to statistical properties that reflect the interplay between one-body chaos, quantum interference, and electron-electron interactions. The conductance through such dots displays mesoscopic fluctuatio...
October 25, 1999
The electrical transport properties of atomic-scale conductors are reviewed, with an emphasis on the relations of this problem with studies on quantum size effects in metallic clusters. A brief introduction is given of the natural formalism for discussing electron transport in ballistic conductors: the Landauer theory. After introducing the experimental techniques, which are used for studying ballistic point contacts in metals, the experimental observations for the conductanc...
December 23, 2005
1. Quantized conductance 2. When 1 mode = 1 atom 3. Photons and Cooper pairs 4. Thermal analogues 5. Shot noise 6. Solid-state electron optics 7. Ultimate confinement 8. Landauer formulas
January 5, 2018
We introduce a general procedure to extract the wave function of quasiparticles in AC-driven quantum conductors. By incorporating the Bloch-Messiah reduction into the scattering theory approach to quantum transport, we construct the many-body state from the scattering matrix, within which the wave function of quasiparticles can be extracted. We find that two kinds of quasiparticles can be excited, while both of them are superpositions of particle and hole states in the Fermi ...
March 30, 2001
The local Larmor clock is used to derive a hierarchy of local densities of states. At the bottom of this hierarchy are the partial density of states for which represent the contribution to the local density of states if both the incident and outgoing scattering channel are prescribed. On the next higher level is the injectivity which represents the contribution to the local density of states if only the incident channel is prescribed regardless of the final scattering channel...