Gravitational Meissner Effect

We show the presence of an electromagnetic field can cause a gravitational Meissner effect and, as a result, a gravitational shielding. With this aim in view we must first unveil the following problems : generalized Maxwell equations, generalized London equations, generalized Meissner effect, generalized shielding, etc.

The possibility of a gravitational phase transition, especially with respect to neutron stars is investigated. First, a semiclassical treatment is given, predicting a gravitational London penetration depth of 12km for neutron stars. Second, the problem is considered from a Ginzburg-Landau point of view. A gravitational Meissner effect, a gravitational Aharanov-Bohm type effect and a gravitational ferromagnetic type phase are predicted. Finally, a field theoretic consideration...

Several relativistic quantum gravitational effects such as spin-rotation coupling, gravitomagnetic charge and gravitational Meissner effect are investigated in the present letter. The field equation of gravitomagnetic matter is suggested and a static spherically symmetric solution of this equation is offered. With foreseeable improvements in detecting and measuring technology, it is possible for us to investigate quantum mechanics in weak-gravitational fields. The potential i...

It is well known that a covariant Lagrangian for relativistic charged particles can lead to a vanishing Hamiltonian. Alternatively, it is shown that using a "space+time" Lagrangian leads to a new canonical momentum and minimal coupling rule that describes the coupling of both electromagnetic and gravitational fields to a relativistic charged particle. Discrepancies between Hamiltonians obtained by various authors are resolved. The canonical momentum leads to a new form of the...

Starting from the generalised London equations, which include a gravitomagnetic term, the gravitational and the electromagnetic properties of superconductors are derived. A phenomenological synthesis of those properties is proposed.

The Meissner effect is analysed by using an approach based on Newton and Maxwell's equations, in order to assess the relevance of London's equation. The Hall effect is predicted. Two test experiments are proposed in detail to check the validity of this theory and to measure London's length.

Under special conditions (Meissner-effect levitation in a high frequency magnetic field and rapid rotation) a disk of high-$T_c$ superconducting material has recently been found to produce a weak shielding of the gravitational field. We show that this phenomenon has no explanation in the standard gravity theories, except possibly in the non-perturbative Euclidean quantum theory.

Due to the resemblance between Maxwell and the gravitomagnetic equations obtained in the weak field and slow motion limit of General Relativity, one can ask if it is possible to amplify a seed intrinsic rotation or spin motion by a gravitomagetic dynamo, in analogy with the well-known dynamo effect. Using the Galilean limits of the gravitomagnetic equations, the answer to this question is negative, due to the fact that a "magnetic" Galilean limit for the gravitomagnetic equat...

Applying the Helmholtz Decomposition theorem to linearized General Relativity leads to a gauge-invariant formulation where the transverse-traceless part of the metric perturbation describes gravitational waves in matter. Gravitational waves incident on a superconductor can be described by a linear London-like constituent equation characterized by a "gravitational shear modulus" and a corresponding plasma frequency and penetration depth. Electric-like and magnetic-like gravita...

We explore the consequences of a new mechanism for the rapid onset of the Meissner effect in a young neutron star, via an interplay of field-line advection by fluid motion and magnetic reconnection. This mechanism provides the first justification for an assumption at the centre of magnetar simulations. Reconnection leads to a characteristic release of energy, which can be used to constrain superconducting gap models. Our model provides a natural explanation for the recently d...