Geometric and Physical Interpretation of Fractional Integration and Fractional Differentiation

We describe a general operational method that can be used in the analysis of fractional initial and boundary value problems with additional analytic conditions. As an example, we derive analytic solutions of some fractional generalisation of differential equations of mathematical physics. Fractionality is obtained by substituting the ordinary integer-order derivative with the Caputo fractional derivative. Furthermore, operational relations between ordinary and fractional diff...

We study operators that are generalizations of the classical Riemann-Liouville fractional integral, and of the Riemann-Liouville and Caputo fractional derivatives. A useful formula relating the generalized fractional derivatives is proved, as well as three relations of fractional integration by parts that change the parameter set of the given operator into its dual. Such results are explored in the context of dynamic optimization, by considering problems of the calculus of va...

We set the main concepts for multiplicative fractional calculus. We define Caputo, Riemann and Letnikov multiplicative fractional derivatives and multiplicative fractional integrals and study some of their properties. Finally, the multiplicative analogue of the local conformable fractional derivative and integral is studied.

This paper is about the fractional Schr\"odinger equation expressed in terms of the Caputo time-fractional and quantum Riesz-Feller space fractional derivatives for particle moving in a potential field. The cases of free particle (zero potential) and a linear potential are considered. For free particle, the solution is obtained in terms of the Fox $H$-function. For the case of a linear potential, the separation of variables method allows the fractional Schr\"odinger equation ...

This book intends to deepen the study of the fractional calculus, giving special emphasis to variable-order operators. It is organized in two parts, as follows. In the first part, we review the basic concepts of fractional calculus (Chapter 1) and of the fractional calculus of variations (Chapter 2). In Chapter 1, we start with a brief overview about fractional calculus and an introduction to the theory of some special functions in fractional calculus. Then, we recall several...

We presented a novel geometric interpretation of the Riemann-Liouville fractional integral. We found that a Riemann-Liouville integral can be thought of as the area obtained by summing together the area of an infinite number of non-rectangular infinitesimals whose shape is determined by the order of integration {\alpha} and the integration limit t. We also showed that this geometric interpretation offers many pedagogical benefits as it is very similar in nature to the geometr...

Using both fractional derivatives, defined in the Riemann-Liouville and Caputo senses, and classical derivatives of the integer order we examine different numerical approaches to ordinary differential equations. Generally we formulate some algorithms where four discrete forms of the Caputo derivative and three different numerical techniques of solving ordinary differential equations are proposed. We then illustrate how to introduce classical initial conditions into equations ...

In this paper, we address the one-parameter families of the fractional integrals and derivatives defined on a finite interval. First we remind the reader of the known fact that under some reasonable conditions, there exists precisely one unique family of the fractional integrals, namely, the well-known Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals. As to the fractional derivatives, their natural definition follows from the fundamental theorem of the Fractional Calculus, i.e., they a...

The area of fractional calculus (FC) has been fast developing and is presently being applied in all scientific fields. Therefore, it is of key relevance to assess the present state of development and to foresee, if possible, the future evolution, or, at least, the challenges identified in the scope of advanced research works. This paper gives a vision about the directions for further research as well as some open problems of FC. A number of topics in mathematics, numerical al...

In this paper we consider a Caputo type fractional derivative with respect to another function. Some properties, like the semigroup law, a relationship between the fractional derivative and the fractional integral, Taylor's Theorem, Fermat's Theorem, etc, are studied. Also, a numerical method to deal with such operators, consisting in approximating the fractional derivative by a sum that depends on the first-order derivative, is presented. Relying on examples, we show the eff...