On the Zeta Function of Forms of Fermat Equations

A possible connection between quantum computing and Zeta functions of finite field equations is described. Inspired by the 'spectral approach' to the Riemann conjecture, the assumption is that the zeroes of such Zeta functions correspond to the eigenvalues of finite dimensional unitary operators of natural quantum mechanical systems. The notion of universal, efficient quantum computation is used to model the desired quantum systems. Using eigenvalue estimation, such quantum...

Let $\mathbb{K}$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p>0$. A pressing problem in the theory of algebraic curves is the determination of the $p$-rank of a (nonsingular, projective, irreducible) curve $\mathcal{X}$ over $\mathbb{K}$, This birational invariant affects arithmetic and geometric properties of $\mathcal{X}$, and its fundamental role in the study of the automorphism group $\operatorname{Aut}(\mathcal{X})$ has been noted by many authors in the past few...

In this article we study the three-variable unit equation $x + y + z = 1$ to be solved in $x, y, z \in \mathcal{O}_S^\ast$, where $\mathcal{O}_S^\ast$ is the $S$-unit group of some global function field. We give upper bounds for the height of solutions and the number of solutions. We also apply these techniques to study the Fermat surface $x^N + y^N + z^N = 1$.

We construct plane models of the modular curve $X_H(\ell)$, and use their explicit equations to compute Galois representations associated to modular forms for values of $\ell$ that are significantly higher than in prior works.

In this paper, we will define analogues of multiple zeta values by replacing the differential forms defining multiple zeta values with some $\mathbb{Q}$-rational differential forms on the Fermat curve $F_2$ of degree 2 and discuss their arithmetic properties. We also investigate a motivic structure of the motivic periods corresponding to our periods. However, in order to study them, the current theory for motivic zeta elements is insufficient, and it leads us to study the bas...

Using modularity, level lowering, and explicit computations with Hilbert modular forms, Galois representations and ray class groups, we show that for $3 \le d \le 23$ squarefree, $d \ne 5$, $17$, the Fermat equation $x^n+y^n=z^n$ has no non-trivial solutions over the quadratic field $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{d})$ for $n \ge 4$. Furthermore, we show for $d=17$ that the same holds for prime exponents $n \equiv 3$, $5 \pmod{8}$.

We study the critical points of the likelihood function over the Fermat hypersurface. This problem is related to one of the main problems in statistical optimization: maximum likelihood estimation. The number of critical points over a projective variety is a topological invariant of the variety and is called maximum likelihood degree. We provide closed formulas for the maximum likelihood degree of any Fermat curve in the projective plane and of Fermat hypersurfaces of degree ...

Let $K$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p \geq 0$. A generalized Fermat curve of type $(k,n)$, where $k,n \geq 2$ are integers (for $p \neq 0$ we also assume that $k$ is relatively prime to $p$), is a non-singular irreducible projective algebraic curve $F_{k,n}$ defined over $K$ admitting a group of automorphisms $H \cong {\mathbb Z}_{k}^{n}$ so that $F_{k,n}/H$ is the projective line with exactly $(n+1)$ cone points, each one of order $k$. Such a group $H...

Let E_G be a family of hyperelliptic curves defined by Y^2=Q(X,G), where Q is defined over a small finite field of odd characteristic. Then with g in an extension degree n field over this small field, we present a deterministic algorithm for computing the zeta function of the curve E_g by using Dwork deformation in rigid cohomology. The time complexity of the algorithm is O(n^(2.667)) and it needs O(n^(2.5)) bits of memory. A slight adaptation requires only O(n^2) space, but ...

Recent attempts at studying the Fermat equation over number fields have uncovered an unexpected and powerful connection with $S$-unit equations. In this expository paper we explain this connection and its implications for the asymptotic Fermat conjecture.