On the "Section Conjecture" in anabelian geometry

We give a new, geometric proof of the section conjecture for fixed points of finite group actions on projective curves of positive genus defined over the field of complex numbers, as well as its natural nilpotent analogue. As a part of our investigations we give an explicit description of the abelianised section map for groups of prime order in this setting. We also show a version of the 2-nilpotent section conjecture.

Period and index of a curve $X/K$ over a $p$-adic local field $K$ such that the fundamental group $\pi_1(X/K)$ admits a splitting are shown to be powers of $p$. As a consequence, examples of curves over number fields are constructed where having sections is obstructed locally at a $p$-adic place. Hence the section conjecture holds for these curves as there are neither sections nor rational points.

In this paper, we study the anabelian geometry of hyperbolic polycurves of dimension 2 over sub-p-adic fields. In 1-dimensional case, Mochizuki proved the Hom version of the Grothendieck conjecture for hyperbolic curves over sub-p-adic fields and the pro-p version of this conjecture. In 2-dimensional case, a naive analogue of this conjecture does not hold for hyperbolic polycurves over general sub-p-adic fields. Moreover, the Isom version of the pro-p Grothendieck conjecture ...

Rational points in the boundary of a hyperbolic curve over a field with sufficiently nontrivial Kummer theory are the source for an abundance of sections of the fundamental group exact sequence. We follow and refine Nakamura's approach towards these boundary sections. For example, we obtain a weak anabelian theorem for hyperbolic genus 0 curves over quite general fields including for example the maximal abelian extension of the rational numbers.

Let $X$ be a smooth, projective, geometrically irreducible curve of genus at least two defined over a number field $K$. We prove that there is an algorithm that determines whether $X$ has a $K$-rational point if Grothendieck's section conjecture holds for $X$.

We study a natural question in the Iwasawa theory of algebraic curves of genus $>1$. Fix a prime number $p$. Let $X$ be a smooth, projective, geometrically irreducible curve defined over a number field $K$ of genus $g>1$, such that the Jacobian of $X$ has good ordinary reduction at the primes above $p$. Fix an odd prime $p$ and for any integer $n>1$, let $K_n^{(p)}$ denote the degree-$p^n$ extension of $K$ contained in $K(\mu_{p^{\infty}})$. We prove explicit results for the ...

The inverse Galois problem asks whether any finite group can be realised as the Galois group of a Galois extension of the rationals. This problem and its refinements have stimulated a large amount of research in number theory and algebraic geometry in the past century, ranging from Noether's problem (letting X denote the quotient of the affine space by a finite group acting linearly, when is X rational?) to the rigidity method (if X is not rational, does it at least contain i...

The Grothendieck conjecture for hyperbolic curves over finite fields was solved affirmatively by Tamagawa and Mochizuki. On the other hand, (a ``weak version'' of) the Grothendieck conjecture for some hyperbolic curves over algebraic closures of finite fields is also known by Tamagawa and Sarashina. So, it is natural to consider anabelian geometry over (infinite) algebraic extensions of finite fields. In the present paper, we give certain generalizations of the above results ...

Assume that the section conjecture holds over number fields. We prove then that it holds for a broad class of curves defined over finitely generated extensions of $\mathbb{Q}$. This class contains every projective, hyperelliptic curve, every hyperbolic, affine curve of genus $\le 2$, and a non-empty open subset of any curve. If we furthermore assume the weak Bombieri-Lang conjecture, we prove that the section conjecture holds for every hyperbolic curve over every finitely gen...

This survey is about Galois theory of curves in characteristic p, a topic which has inspired major research in algebraic geometry and number theory and which contains many open questions. We illustrate important phenomena which occur for covers of curves in characteristic p. We explain key results on the structure of fundamental groups. We end by describing areas of active research and giving two new results about the genus and p-rank of certain covers of the affine line.