Continued Fractions with Partial Quotients Bounded in Average

We study the function M(t,n) = Floor[ 1 / {t^(1/n)} ], where t is a positive real number, Floor[.] and {.} are the floor and fractional part functions, respectively. In a recent article in the Monthly, Nathanson proved that if log(t) is rational, then for all but finitely many positive integers n one has M(t,n) = Floor[ n / log(t) - 1/2 ]. We extend this by showing that, without condition on t, all but a zero-density set of integers n satisfy M(t,n) = Floor[ n / log(t) - 1/2 ...

In this paper we show how to apply various techniques and theorems (including Pincherle's theorem, an extension of Euler's formula equating infinite series and continued fractions, an extension of the corresponding transformation that equates infinite products and continued fractions, extensions and contractions of continued fractions and the Bauer-Muir transformation) to derive infinite families of in-equivalent polynomial continued fractions in which each continued fraction...

Let n(2,k) denote the largest integer n for which there exists a set A of k nonnegative integers such that the sumset 2A contains {0,1,2,...,n-1}. A classical problem in additive number theory is to find an upper bound for n(2,k). In this paper it is proved that limsup_{k\to\infty} n(2,k)/k^2 \leq 0.4789.

We investigate the averages of Dedekind sums over rational numbers in the set $$\mathscr{F}_\alpha(Q):=\{\, {v}/{w}\in \mathbb{Q}: 0<w\leq Q\,\}\cap [0, \alpha)$$ for fixed $\alpha\leq 1/2$. In previous work, we obtained asymptotics for $\alpha=1/2$, confirming a conjecture of Ito in a quantitative form. In the present article we extend our former results, first to all fixed rational $\alpha$ and then to almost all irrational $\alpha$. As an intermediate step we obt...

In this paper we review recently established results on the asymptotic behaviour of the trigonometric product $P_n(\alpha) = \prod_{r=1}^n |2\sin \pi r \alpha|$ as $n\to \infty$. We focus on irrationals $\alpha$ whose continued fraction coefficients are bounded. Our main goal is to illustrate that when discussing the regularity of $P_n(\alpha)$, not only the boundedness of the coefficients plays a role; also their size, as well as the structure of the continued fraction expan...

For a real number $q\in(1,2)$ and $x\in[0,1/(q-1)]$, the infinite sequence $(d_i)$ is called a \emph{$q$-expansion} of $x$ if $$ x=\sum_{i=1}^\infty\frac{d_i}{q^i},\quad d_i\in\{0,1\}\quad\textrm{for all}~ i\ge 1. $$ For $m=1, 2, \cdots$ or $\aleph_0$ we denote by $\mathcal{B}_m$ the set of $q\in(1,2)$ such that there exists $x\in[0,1/(q-1)]$ having exactly $m$ different $q$-expansions. It was shown by Sidorov (2009) that $q_2:=\min \mathcal{B}_2\approx1.71064$, and later ask...

For a given irrational number $\alpha$ one can define an irrationality measure function $\psi_{\alpha}^{[2]}(t) = \min\limits_{\substack{(q, p)\colon q, p \in\mathbb{Z}, 1\leqslant q\leqslant t, \\ (p, q) \neq (p_n, q_n) ~\forall n\in\mathbb{Z_{+}}}} |q\alpha -p|$, related to the second-best approximations to $\alpha$. In 2017 Moshchevitin studied the corresponding Diophantine constant $\mathfrak{k}(\alpha) = \liminf\limits_{t\to\infty} t \cdot\psi_{\alpha}^{[2]}(t)$ and the ...

In this paper, we compute the asymptotic average of the decimals of some real numbers. With the help of this computation, we prove that if a real number cannot be represented as a finite decimal and the asymptotic average of its decimals is zero, then it is irrational. We also show that the asymptotic average of the decimals of simply normal numbers is 9/2.

In this note we formulate some questions in the study of approximations of reals by rationals of the form a/b^2 arising in theory of Shr"odinger equations. We hope to attract attention of specialists to this natural subject of number theory.

The paper is mostly a survey on recent results in Diophantine approximation, with emphasis on properties of exponents measuring various notions of Diophantine <approximation.