Minimal representations of unitary operators and orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle

We give a simple proof of a classical theorem by A.M\'at\'e, P.Nevai, and V.Totik on asymptotic behavior of orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle. It is based on a new real-variable approach involving an entropy estimate for the orthogonality measure. Our second result is an extension of a theorem by G.Freud on averaged convergence of Fourier series. We also discuss some related open problems in the theory of orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle.

Discovered by M.G.Krein analogy between polinomials orthogonal on the unit circle and generalized eigenfunctions of certain differential systems is used to obtain some new results in the spectral analysis of Sturm-Liouville operators. Some properties of Dirac-type differential systems are studied.

Function theory on the unit disc proved key to a range of problems in statistics, probability theory, signal processing literature, and applications, and in this, a special place is occupied by trigonometric functions and the Fejer-Riesz theorem that non-negative trigonometric polynomials can be expressed as the modulus of a polynomial of the same degree evaluated on the unit circle. In the present note we consider a natural generalization of non-negative trigonometric polyno...

We construct the systems of bi-orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle where the Toeplitz structure of the moment determinants is replaced by $ \det(w_{2j-k})_{0\leq j,k \leq N-1} $ and the corresponding Vandermonde modulus squared is replaced by $ \prod_{1 \le j < k \le N}(\zeta^{2}_k - \zeta^{2}_j)(\zeta^{-1}_k - \zeta^{-1}_j) $. This is the simplest case of a general system of $pj-qk$ with $p,q$ co-prime integers. We derive analogues of the structures well known in the T...

When a nontrivial measure $\mu$ on the unit circle satisfies the symmetry $d\mu(e^{i(2\pi-\theta)}) = - d\mu(e^{i\theta})$ then the associated OPUC, say $S_n$, are all real. In this case, Delsarte and Genin, in 1986, have shown that the two sequences of para-orthogonal polynomials $\{zS_{n}(z) + S_{n}^{\ast}(z)\}$ and $\{zS_{n}(z) - S_{n}^{\ast}(z)\}$ satisfy three term recurrence formulas and have also explored some further consequences of these sequences of polynomials such...

A classical result due to Bochner classifies the orthogonal polynomials on the real line which are common eigenfunctions of a second order linear differential operator. We settle a natural version of the Bochner problem on the unit circle which answers a similar question concerning orthogonal Laurent polynomials and can be formulated as a bispectral problem involving CMV matrices. We solve this CMV bispectral problem in great generality proving that, except the Lebesgue measu...

It is well-known that orthogonal polynomials on the real line satisfy a three-term recurrence relation and conversely every system of polynomials satisfying a three-term recurrence relation is orthogonal with respect to some positive Borel measure on the real line. In this paper we extend this result and show that every system of polynomials satisfying some $(2N+1)$-term recurrence relation can be expressed in terms of orthonormal matrix polynomials for which the coefficients...

Let $u_1,\ldots,u_n$ be unitary operators on a Hilbert space $H$. We study the norm $$\left\|\sum^{i=n}_{i=1} u_i \otimes \bar u_i\right\|\leqno (1)$$ of the operator $\sum u_i \otimes \bar u_i$ acting on the Hilbertian tensor product $H\otimes_2 \overline H$. The main result of this note is Theorem 1. For any $n$-tuple $u_1,\ldots, u_n$ of unitary operators in $B(H)$, we have $$2\sqrt{n-1} \le \left\|\sum^n_1 u_i \otimes \bar u_i\right\|.\leqno (6)$$ In other words, the ri...

It is well known that an operator-valued function $\Theta$ from the Schur class ${\bf S}(\mathfrak M,\mathfrak N)$, where $\mathfrak M$ and $\mathfrak N$ are separable Hilbert spaces, can be realized as the transfer function of a simple conservative discrete time-invariant linear system. The known realizations involve the function $\Theta$ itself, the Hardy spaces or the reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces. On the other hand, as in the classical scalar case, the Schur class ope...

Let $U$ be a unitary operator defined on some infinite-dimensional complex Hilbert space ${\cal H}$. Under some suitable regularity assumptions, it is known that a local positive commutation relation between $U$ and an auxiliary self-adjoint operator $A$ defined on ${\cal H}$ allows to prove that the spectrum of $U$ has no singular continuous spectrum and a finite point spectrum, at least locally. We prove that under stronger regularity hypotheses, the local regularity proper...