Avoidance of Partitions of a Three-element Set

We study groups generated by sets of pattern avoiding permutations. In the first part of the paper we prove some general results concerning the structure of such groups. In the second part we carry out a case-by-case analysis of groups generated by permutations avoiding few short patterns.

In 2019, B\'ona and Smith introduced the notion of strong pattern avoidance, saying that a permutation $\pi$ strongly avoids a pattern $\sigma$ if $\pi$ and $\pi^2$ both avoid $\sigma$. Recently, Archer and Geary generalized the idea of strong pattern avoidance to chain avoidance, in which a permutation $\pi$ avoids a chain of patterns $(\tau^{(1)}:\tau^{(2)}:\cdots:\tau^{(k)})$ if the $i$-th power of the permutation avoids the pattern $\tau^{(i)}$ for $1\leq i\leq k$. In thi...

In this paper, we find an explicit formulas, or recurrences, in terms of generating functions for the cardinalities of the sets $S_n(T;\tau)$ of all permutations in $S_n$ that contain $\tau\in S_k$ exactly once and avoid a subset $T\subseteq S_3$, $|T|\geq2$. The main body of the paper is divided into three sections corresponding to the cases $|T|=2,3$ and $|T|\geq4$.

The fundamental bijection is a bijection $\theta:\mathcal{S}_n\to\mathcal{S}_n$ in which one uses the standard cycle form of one permutation to obtain another permutation in one-line form. In this paper, we enumerate the set of permutations $\pi \in \mathcal{S}_n$ that avoids a pattern $\sigma \in \mathcal{S}_3$, whose image $\theta(\pi)$ also avoids $\sigma$. We additionally consider what happens under repeated iterations of $\theta$; in particular, we enumerate permutations...

We give an asymptotic estimate for the number of partitions of a set of $n$ elements, whose block sizes avoid a given set $\mathcal{S}$ of natural numbers. As an application, we derive an estimate for the number of partitions of a set with $n$ elements, which have the property that its blocks can be combined to form subsets of any size between $1$ and $n$.

We show that permutations of size $n$ avoiding both of the dashed patterns 32-41 and 41-32 are equinumerous with indecomposable set partitions of size $n+1$, and deduce a related result.

A set of permutations is called sign-balanced if the set contains the same number of even permutations as odd permutations. Let $S_n(\sigma_1, \sigma_2, \ldots, \sigma_r)$ be the set of permutations in the symmetric group $S_n$ which avoids patterns $\sigma_1, \sigma_2, \ldots, \sigma_r$. The aim of this paper is to investigate when, for certain patterns $\sigma_1, \sigma_2, \ldots, \sigma_r$, $S_n(\sigma_1, \sigma_2, \ldots, \sigma_r)$ is sign-balanced for every integer $n>1...

Permutations that avoid given patterns have been studied in great depth for their connections to other fields of mathematics, computer science, and biology. From a combinatorial perspective, permutation patterns have served as a unifying interpretation that relates a vast array of combinatorial structures. In this paper, we introduce the notion of patterns in inversion sequences. A sequence $(e_1,e_2,\ldots,e_n)$ is an inversion sequence if $0 \leq e_i<i$ for all $i \in [n]$....

There is a deep connection between permutations and trees. Certain sub-structures of permutations, called sub-permutations, bijectively map to sub-trees of binary increasing trees. This opens a powerful tool set to study enumerative and probabilistic properties of sub-permutations and to investigate the relationships between 'local' and 'global' features using the concept of pattern avoidance. First, given a pattern {\mu}, we study how the avoidance of {\mu} in a permutation ...

Define $S_n(R;T)$ to be the number of permutations on $n$ letters which avoid all patterns in the set $R$ and contain each pattern in the multiset $T$ exactly once. In this paper we enumerate $S_n(\{\alpha\};\{\beta\})$ and $S_n(\emptyset;\{\alpha,\beta\})$ for all $\alpha \neq \beta \in S_3$. The results for $S_n(\{\alpha\};\{\beta\})$ follow from two papers by Mansour and Vainshtein.