The L-Move and Virtual Braids

We study and give examples of braided groupoids, and, a fortiori, non-degenerate solutions of the quiver-theoretical braid equation.

This paper is a concise introduction to virtual knot theory, coupled with a list of research problems in this field.

We classify closed 3-braids which are L-space knots.

In this article we prove theorem on Lifting for the set of virtual pure braid groups. This theorem says that if we know presentation of virtual pure braid group $VP_4$, then we can find presentation of $VP_n$ for arbitrary $n > 4$. Using this theorem we find the set of generators and defining relations for simplicial group $T_*$ which was defined in the previuos article of the authors. We find a decomposition of the Artin pure braid group $P_n$ in semi-direct product of free ...

We study the algebraic structures of the virtual singular braid monoid, $VSB_n$, and the virtual singular pure braid monoid, $VSP_n$. The monoid $VSB_n$ is the splittable extension of $VSP_n$ by the symmetric group $S_n$. We also construct a representation of $VSB_n$.

This paper extends the construction of invariants for virtual knots to virtual long knots and introduces two new invariant modules of virtual long knots. Several interesting features are described that distinguish virtual long knots from their classical counterparts with respect to their symmetries and the concatenation product.

In this paper, we introduce the concept of the warping degree for twisted knots, construct an invariant for them, and utilize it to establish a labeling scheme for these knots, known as ``warping labeling". We have identified that a warping labeling can be extended to twisted virtual braids, enabling the creation of a function that remains invariant under all R-moves except the R2 move. By limiting the labeling set to $\mathbb{Z}_2$, we can develop invariants for twisted virt...

Two virtual link diagrams are homotopic if one may be transformed into the other by a sequence of virtual Reidemeister moves, classical Reidemeister moves, and self crossing changes. We recall the pure virtual braid group. We then describe the set of pure virtual braids that are homotopic to the identity braid.

In his initial paper on braids E.Artin gave a presentation with two generators for an arbitrary braid group. We give analogues of this Artin's presentation for various generalizations of braids.

The virtual knot theory is a new interesting subject in the recent study of low dimensional topology. In this paper, we explore the algebraic structure underlying the virtual braid group and call it the virtual Temperley--Lieb algebra which is an extension of the Temperley--Lieb algebra by adding the group algebra of the symmetrical group. We make a connection clear between the Brauer algebra and virtual Temperley--Lieb algebra, and show the algebra generated by permutation a...