The distribution of spacings between quadratic residues

Koksma's equidistribution theorem from 1935 states that for Lebesgue almost every $\alpha>1$, the fractional parts of the geometric progression $(\alpha^{n})_{n\geq1}$ are equidistributed modulo one. In the present paper we sharpen this result by showing that for almost every $\alpha>1$, the correlations of all finite orders and hence the normalized gaps of $(\alpha^{n})_{n\geq1}$ mod 1 have a Poissonian limit distribution, thereby resolving a conjecture of the two first name...

In this paper we investigate the distribution of the set of values of a quadratic form Q, at integral points. In particular we are interested in the n-point correlations of the this set. The asymptotic behaviour of the counting function that counts the number of n-tuples of integral points $\left(v_{1},\dots,v_{n}\right)$, with bounded norm, such that the n-1 differences $Q\left(v_{1}\right)-Q\left(v_{2}\right),\dots Q\left(v_{n-1}\right)-Q\left(v_{n}\right)$, lie in prescrib...

The discovery of connections between the distribution of energy levels of heavy nuclei and spacings between prime numbers has been one of the most surprising and fruitful observations in the twentieth century. The connection between the two areas was first observed through Montgomery's work on the pair correlation of zeros of the Riemann zeta function. As its generalizations and consequences have motivated much of the following work, and to this day remains one of the most im...

A statistical analysis of the prime numbers indicates possible traces of quantum chaos. We have computed the nearest neighbor spacing distribution, number variance, skewness, and excess for sequences of the first N primes for various values of N. All four statistical measures clearly show a transition from random matrix statistics at small N toward Poisson statistics at large N. In addition, the number variance saturates at large lengths as is common for eigenvalue sequences....

The set of short intervals between consecutive primes squared has the pleasant---but seemingly unexploited---property that each interval $s_k:=\{p_k^2, \dots,p_{k+1}^2-1\}$ is fully sieved by the $k$ first primes. Here we take advantage of this essential characteristic and present evidence for the conjecture that $\pi_k \sim |s_k|/ \log p_{k+1}^2$, where $\pi_k$ is the number of primes in $s_k$; or even stricter, that $y=x^{1/2}$ is both necessary and sufficient for the prime...

We prove that the average of the $k$-th smallest prime quadratic non-residue modulo a prime approximates the $2k$-th smallest prime.

Denote by $\| \cdot \|$ the euclidean norm in $\RR^k$. We prove that the local pair correlation density of the sequence $\| \vecm -\vecalf \|^k$, $\vecm\in\ZZ^k$, is that of a Poisson process, under diophantine conditions on the fixed vector $\vecalf\in\RR^k$: in dimension two, vectors $\vecalf$ of any diophantine type are admissible; in higher dimensions ($k>2$), Poisson statistics are only observed for diophantine vectors of type $\kappa<(k-1)/(k-2)$. Our findings support a...

We study logarithmically averaged binary correlations of bounded multiplicative functions $g_1$ and $g_2$. A breakthrough on these correlations was made by Tao, who showed that the correlation average is negligibly small whenever $g_1$ or $g_2$ does not pretend to be any twisted Dirichlet character, in the sense of the pretentious distance for multiplicative functions. We consider a wider class of real-valued multiplicative functions $g_j$, namely those that are uniformly dis...

Let $p$ be a large prime, and let $C$ be a hyperelliptic curve over $\mathbb{F}_p$. We study the distribution of the $x$-coordinates in short intervals when the $y$-coordinates lie in a prescribed interval, and the distribution of the distance between consecutive $x$-coordinates with the same property. Next, let $g(P,P_0)$ be a rational function of two points on $C$. We study the distribution of the above distances with an extra condition that $g(P_i,P_{i+1})$ lies in a presc...

The pair correlation statistic is an important concept in real uniform distribution theory. Therefore, sequences in the unit interval with (weak) Poissonian pair correlations have attracted a lot of attention in recent time. The aim of this paper is to suggest a generalization to the p-adic integers and to prove some of its main properties. In particular, connections to the theory of p-adic discrepancy theory are discussed.