Is Electron an Anyon with Spin-1/2?

Electrons have three quantized properties -- charge, spin, and Fermi statistics -- that are directly responsible for a vast array of phenomena. Here we show how these properties can be coherently and dynamically stripped from the electron as it enters certain exotic states of matter known as a quantum spin liquid (QSL). In a QSL, electron spins collectively form a highly entangled quantum state that gives rise to emergent gauge forces and fractionalization of spin, charge, an...

Through investigating history, evolution of the concept, and development in the theories of electrons, I am convinced that what was missing in our understanding of the electron is a structure, into which all attributes of the electron could be incorporated in a self-consistent way. It is hereby postulated that the topological structure of the electron is a closed two-turn Helix (a so-called Hubius Helix) that is generated by circulatory motion of a mass-less particle at the s...

We propose theoretical schemes to realize the cyon and anyon by atoms which possess non-vanishing electric dipole moments. To realize a cyon, besides the atom, we need a magnetic field produced by a long magnetic-charged filament. To realize an anyon, however, apart from these we need a harmonic potential and an additional magnetic field produced by a uniformly distributed magnetic charges. We find that the atom will be an anyon when cooled down to the negligibly small kineti...

Using the appropriate representation of the Poincare group and a definition of minimal coupling, we discuss some aspects of the electromagnetic interactions of charged anyons. In a nonrelativistic expansion, we derive a Schrodinger-type equation for the anyon wave function which includes spin-magnetic field and spin-orbit couplings. In particular, the gyromagnetic ratio for charged anyons is shown to be 2; this last result is essentially a reflection of the fact that the spin...

We recently performed experiments on the transfer of photon spin to electron orbital angular momentum. For an interpretation of the experimental results we used a classical electrodynamic model of the photon as a propagating electromagnetic solitary wave which is developed in detail here. A linearly polarized monochromatic photon is considered as a propagating solitary electromagnetic wave of finite energy hf which carries an angular momentum h/2pi with the frequency f and Pl...

There are a number of reasons to think that the electron cannot truly be spinning. Given how small the electron is generally taken to be, it would have to rotate superluminally to have the right angular momentum and magnetic moment. Also, the electron's gyromagnetic ratio is twice the value one would expect for an ordinary classical rotating charged body. These obstacles can be overcome by examining the flow of mass and charge in the Dirac field (interpreted as giving the cla...

A direct definition of the intrinsic magnetic moment of the electron is given, which does not use infrared regularizations and interactions with external fields. The expression does not depend on the unavoidable ambiguities of the definition of a 1-electron state (exact form of its soft photon cloud). The method leads to the same analytic expression as the conventional approach, thus preserving the excellent agreement between theory and experiment.

A simple physical insight into the origin of the magnetic moment anomaly of electron is presented. This approach is based on the assumption that the electromagnetic mass of the electron due to the electric field generated by electron charge in the exterior of the sphere of radius half of the Compton wavelength of the electron, does not contribute to the magnetic moment of the electron. This explanation is compatible with the well-known quantum electrodynamics approach. A form...

Anyons, particles that are neither bosons nor fermions, were predicted in the 1980s, but strong experimental evidence for the existence of the simplest type on anyons has only emerged this year. Further theoretical and experimental advances promise to nail the existence of more exotic types on anyons, such as Majorana fermions, which would make topological quantum computation possible.

Our study reveals electron spin in a cavity as a stable circulating current density, characterized by a torus topology. This current density circulates concentrically beyond the cavity boundary, illustrating the concept of evanescent wave spin. While the interaction with a uniform magnetic field aligns with established spin-field observations, our analysis of regional contributions deviates from particle-based spin predictions. The integration of charge and spin properties in...