Gauging Flavor Symmetries of the Standard Model: from Dark Energy to Matter-Antimatter Asymmetry from Higher Dimensions in the Early Universe

Our contribution sets out to investigate the GeV-scale phenomenology of a model based on an $SU_{L}(2) \times U_{Y}(1) \times U(1)_{X}$-gauge symmetry. The model accommodates, as a consequence of the symmetry-breaking pattern, a light gauge boson at the GeV-scale or below, allowing then to set up a new low energy physics. The fermion sector includes an exotic candidate to Dark Matter (DM) and the whole fermionic field content yields, as it is mandatory, the cancellation of th...

We examine the collider and dark matter phenomenology of the Standard Model extended by a hypercharge-zero SU(2) triplet scalar and gauge singlet scalar. In particular, we study the scenario where the singlet and triplet are both charged under a single $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry. We find that such an extension is capable of generating the observed dark matter density, while also modifying the collider phenomenology such that the lower bound on the mass of the triplet is smaller ...

A spontaneously broken hidden U(1)$_h$ gauge symmetry can explain both the dark matter stability and the observed relic abundance. In this framework, the light gauge boson can mediate the strong dark matter self-interaction, which addresses astrophysical observations that are hard to explain in collisionless cold dark matter. Motivated by flavoured grand unified theories, we introduce right-handed neutrinos and a flavoured $B - L$ gauge symmetry for the third family U(1)$_{(B...

A dynamical mechanism of symmetry breaking in which gauge and matter fields play an active role is proposed. It basically represents a covariant generalization of the mechanism responsible for superconductivity, and provides a {\em natural} mechanism of generation of mass which is not in conflict with the present value of the cosmological constant. When applied to SU(2)$\times$U(1) leads to exactly the same physics (Lagrangian density) as the Standard Model but modifying {\em...

In the context of the relationship between physics of cosmological dark matter and symmetry of elementary particles a wide list of dark matter candidates is possible. New symmetries provide stability of different new particles and their combination can lead to a multicomponent dark matter. The pattern of symmetry breaking involves phase transitions in very early Universe, extending the list of candidates by topological defects and even primordial nonlinear structures.

The standard model of particle physics is marvelously successful. However, it is obviously not a complete or final theory. I shall argue here that the structure of the standard model gives some quite concrete, compelling hints regarding what lies beyond. Taking these hints seriously, one is led to predict the existence of new types of very weakly interacting matter, stable on cosmological time scales and produced with cosmologically interesting densities--that is, ``dark matt...

This Resource Letter provides a guide to literature on the Standard Model of elementary particles and possible extensions. In the successful theory of quarks and leptons and their interactions, important questions remain, such as the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking, the origin of quark and lepton masses, the source of the baryon asymmetry of the Universe, and the makeup of its matter and energy density. References are cited for quarks and leptons, gauge theories, c...

Theoretical investigations into the evolution of the early universe are an essential part of particle physics that allow us to identify viable extensions to the Standard Model as well as motivated parameter space that can be probed by various experiments and observations. In this white paper, we review particle physics models of the early universe. First, we outline various models that explain two essential ingredients of the early universe (dark matter and baryon asymmetry) ...

The acceleration of the cosmic expansion is a fundamental challenge to standard models of particle physics and cosmology. The new physics of dark energy may lie in the nature of gravity, the quantum vacuum, or extra dimensions. I give a brief overview of the puzzles and possibilities of dark energy, and discuss the confrontation of a wide variety of "beyond Einstein" models with the latest data, showing what we currently know and what we must seek to learn. Next generation ex...

Warm dark matter particles with masses in the keV range have been linked with the large group representations in gauge theories through a high number of species at decoupling. In this paper, we address WDM fermionic degrees of freedom from such representations. Bridging higher-dimensional particle physics theories with cosmology studies and astrophysical observations, our approach is two-folded, i.e., it includes realistic models from higher-dimensional representations and co...