Bayesian Restoration of Digital Images Employing Markov Chain Monte Carlo a Review

We provide a complete framework for performing infinite-dimensional Bayesian inference and uncertainty quantification for image reconstruction with Poisson data. In particular, we address the following issues to make the Bayesian framework applicable in practice. We first introduce a positivity-preserving reparametrization, and we prove that under the reparametrization and a hybrid prior, the posterior distribution is well-posed in the infinite dimensional setting. Second we ...

Recently, impressive denoising results have been achieved by Bayesian approaches which assume Gaussian models for the image patches. This improvement in performance can be attributed to the use of per-patch models. Unfortunately such an approach is particularly unstable for most inverse problems beyond denoising. In this work, we propose the use of a hyperprior to model image patches, in order to stabilize the estimation procedure. There are two main advantages to the propose...

Since the middle of the 1940's scientists have used Monte Carlo (MC) simulations to obtain information about physical processes. This has proved a accurate and and reliable method to obtain this information. Through out resent years researchers has begone to use the slightly newer Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation. This differs from the ordinary MC by using the Markov Chain. MCMC originates from Bayesian statistics. This method has given researchers a completely new ...

this paper we consider the problem of separating noisy instantaneous linear mixtures of document images in the Bayesian framework. The source image is modeled hierarchically by a latent labeling process representing the common classifications of document objects among different color channels and the intensity process of pixels given the class labels. A Potts Markov random field is used to model regional regularity of the classification labels inside object regions. Local dep...

The deep image prior was recently introduced as a prior for natural images. It represents images as the output of a convolutional network with random inputs. For "inference", gradient descent is performed to adjust network parameters to make the output match observations. This approach yields good performance on a range of image reconstruction tasks. We show that the deep image prior is asymptotically equivalent to a stationary Gaussian process prior in the limit as the numbe...

In this paper, a Bayesian fusion technique for remotely sensed multi-band images is presented. The observed images are related to the high spectral and high spatial resolution image to be recovered through physical degradations, e.g., spatial and spectral blurring and/or subsampling defined by the sensor characteristics. The fusion problem is formulated within a Bayesian estimation framework. An appropriate prior distribution exploiting geometrical consideration is introduced...

In this chapter, we review some of the most standard MCMC tools used in Bayesian computation, along with vignettes on standard misunderstandings of these approaches taken from Q \&~A's on the forum Cross-validated answered by the first author.

Loopy belief propagation (LBP), which is equivalent to the Bethe approximation in statistical mechanics, is a message-passing-type inference method that is widely used to analyze systems based on Markov random fields (MRFs). In this paper, we propose a message-passing-type method to analytically evaluate the quenched average of LBP in random fields by using the replica cluster variation method. The proposed analytical method is applicable to general pair-wise MRFs with random...

We apply basic statistical reasoning to signal reconstruction by machine learning -- learning to map corrupted observations to clean signals -- with a simple and powerful conclusion: it is possible to learn to restore images by only looking at corrupted examples, at performance at and sometimes exceeding training using clean data, without explicit image priors or likelihood models of the corruption. In practice, we show that a single model learns photographic noise removal, d...

In this paper we consider the problem of joint segmentation of hyperspectral images in the Bayesian framework. The proposed approach is based on a Hidden Markov Modeling (HMM) of the images with common segmentation, or equivalently with common hidden classification label variables which is modeled by a Potts Markov Random Field. We introduce an appropriate Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm to implement the method and show some simulation results.