To be or not to be? Magnetic monopoles in non-abelian gauge theories

We discuss the experimental situation of direct searches at accelerators for Dirac magnetic monopoles, and in the penetrating cosmic radiation for the superheavy magnetic monopoles predicted by GUT theories. We also discuss the searches for intermediate mass monopoles (wich are predicted by theories in extra dimensions), and for nuclearites and Q-balls.

The searches for magnetic monopoles (Ms) is a fascinating interdisciplinary field with implications in fundamental theories, in particle physics, astrophysics, and cosmology. The quantum theory of Ms and its consistency with electrodynamics was derived by Dirac. This marked the start of the searches for classical monopoles at every new accelerator, up to the LHC. Magnetic monopoles are required by Grand Unification Theories, but unlike classical monopoles they would be incred...

We give a theoretical framework for defining and extracting non-Abelian magnetic monopoles in a gauge-invariant way in SU(N) Yang-Mills theory to study quark confinement. Then we give numerical evidences that the non-Abelian magnetic monopole defined in this way gives a dominant contribution to confinement of fundamental quarks in SU(3) Yang-Mills theory, which is in sharp contrast to the SU(2) case in which Abelian magnetic monopoles play the dominant role for quark confinem...

(also inside: this manuscript introduces the reader to the argument against the existence of magnetic monopoles, which forms an essential part of Staruszkiewicz's Quantum Mechanics of the Electric Charge) Ultra-high energy (UHE) photons with energies exceeding $10^{18}\eV$ can potentially be observed. They are produced in various processes involving electrically charged particles. However, more exotic scenarios are also possible. UHE photons could be emitted in encounters o...

The purpose of this paper is to study static solution configuration which describes the magnetic monopoles in a scenary where the gravitation is coupled with Higgs, Yang-Mills and fermions. We are looking for analysis of the energy functional and Bogomol'nyi equations. The Einstein equations now take into consideration the fermions' contribution for energy-momentum tensor. The interesting aspect here is to verify that the fermion field gives a contribution for non abelian mag...

This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to the paper does not belong to Condensed Matter field.

In this paper the existence of the Higgs field is taken as an undeniable starting point. However, the origin of the field is challenged. Rather than ascribing the origin of it to a yet undiscovered phantom particle, the origin is ascribed directly to electromagnetic energy, in particular as magnetic charge next to electric charge of elementary pointlike particles. To this end two instruments are used. The first one is the transform of the Higgs field from a functional descrip...

We study topological as well as dynamical properties of BPS nonabelian magnetic monopoles of Goddard-Nuyts-Olive-Weinberg type in $ G=SU(N)$, $USp(2N)$ and SO(N) gauge theories, spontaneously broken to nonabelian subgroups $H$. We find that monopoles transform under the group dual to $H$ in a tensor representation of rank determined by the corresponding element in $\pi_1(H)$. When the system is embedded in a ${\cal N}=2$ supersymmetric theory with an appropriate set of flavor...

In this paper, we show the existence of magnetic monopoles in the pure $SU(2)$ Yang--Mills theory even in absence of scalar fields when the gauge-invariant mass term is introduced. This result follows from the recent proposal for obtaining the gauge field configurations in the Yang-Mills theory from the solutions of the field equations in the "complementary" gauge-scalar model with the radial length of the scalar field being fixed. The gauge-invariant mass term is obtained th...

This article presents a fairly complete description of the monopoles and dyons arising from an SU(5) gauge unification of the standard model. Topics discussed include: the spectrum of SU(5) monopoles; their gauge equivalence structure; their spherical symmetry; the construction of dyons; global charge; the intrinsic angular momenta of scalar boson-monopole composites and monopole gauge excitations; and the effects of a theta vacuum. The relevance of each of these topics to co...